Broaden and Build Theory of Positive Emotions

Fredrickson, B.L. (2001). The Role of Emotion in Positive Psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 2


The author describes a theory about positive emotions which have been neglected by the study of emotions and calls this theory: broaden and build theory because the positive emotions broaden people's momentary thought–action repertoires and build their enduring personal resources.


The author claims that positive emotions widen people's mind, for example:
- joy pushes the limits and makes people more creative,
- love urges to play with, explore the loved ones


These actions caused by positive emotions to play, to explore, or to savour and integrate, shows how positive emotions broaden one's thinking and actions. And this broadening builds enduring personal resources.


The author also argues the positive emotions are not a signal of well being but also produce a health and well being. Which can result in more socially integrated, knowledgeable, effective people.